Shillong, Jylliew 27: Ka Jait bynriew Khasi-Pnar ki la shong la sah da ki spah snem ha kine ki Ri-lum Khasi-Jaintia . Ka Jaitbynriew Khasi-Pnar ka hiar pateng na ka jait bynriew Mongolian kaba la don lypa ka nongrim kaba skhem kum ka ktien ka thylliej, ka niam-ka rukom, ka khein kur-khein jait & kheinkha- kheinman, ka longtrai –mantrai halor ka khyndew ka shyiap, ka synshar-bishar tynrai halor ka It ka Hima bad kiwei kiwei kiwei ki jinglong kyrpang ba la buh tyngkai da u Blei Trai kynrad.
Ym don jingiathuhkhana pateng ba ka jaitbynriew Khasi-Pnar kala shah jop thma ha kiwei pat ki jaitbynriew ne Hima. Haba u Phareng u la synshar ia ka Ri India ha u snem 1826 u la jop shibun ki Syiem ki Hima Ri Thor jong ka Ri India, hynrei ha Ri Khasi-Jaintia watla u phareng ula ialeh thma ia u Tirot Sing bad u Kiang Nongbah na ki katto katne ki daw hynrei u Phareng um shym la pynduh pyndam lut ia ka bor bad ka iktiar ki Hima Khasi hynrei u la pynjari da kata ka buit pynpait bad synshar (divide and rule policy) bad ia ka rukom synshar-bishar tynrai (Traditional and Customary Practices) jong ki 30 syiem 12 Doloi u phareng ula pynbeit kumne:
25 Khasi State (16 Syiemship/5 Sirdarship/ 3 Lyngdohship/ 1 Wahadarship) 32 British Area/Sirdarship 12 Doloiship (Non-States) mynta 19 khlieh nongsynshar (17 Doloi bad 2 ngut ki Sirdar). Ka jingsynshar phareng kala ithuh ia ki khun ki hajar jong u Khasi-Pnar ne ka Bri u Hynniewtrep nyngkong eh hapoh ka jingsynshar jong “Cossayah Hills Political Agency” ha u snem 1835. U Political Agent ba nyngkong eh udei u Colonel Lister uba la shimti ia ka kam political agent ha 11 tarik Febuary 1835 bad ka Headquarter jong u kadei ka Sohra.
Ia ki khun ki hajar u Hyniewtrep, Ki Dkhar lane ki phareng ki la tip bad ithuh da ka kyrteng “Khasia” lane “Cossayah”. Lehse dei na kane ka nongrim ba ia ka Political Agency u Phareng u la khot da ka kyrteng Cossayah Hills Political Agency. Bad ia ka “Jaintia Kingdom” hadien bala dkhat noh ia ka jingsynshar Syiem, u phareng u ithuh da ka ka kyrteng “Jynteah Hills” ( Non-State).
Naduh u snem 1854 la pynduh noh ia ka Cossayah Hills Political Agency bad la pynmih ia ka “Cossayah and Jynteah Hills District” tangba ia ki “Khasi States” te kim hap hapoh ka “Cossayah and Jynteah Hills District namar ki hap hapoh ka jingsynshar jong u political officer. U Major E.A. Rowlatt u kylla long u Deputy Commissioner uba nyngkong eh jong ka “Cossayah and Jynteah Hills District.
Hadien pat ia ka jingshynshar ia ki Khasi States bad ia ki Non-States, ka Sorkar Phareng kala pynhap noh tang kawei ka jingsynshar hapoh u Deputy Commissioner jong ka Khasi- Jaintia Hills District. Bad ha ka por ba la wan ka Jingsynshar jong ka Ri India (Indian Dominion) jong ka Assam Province la tip kum ka “United Khasi-Jaintia Hills District” (1951).
Bad ha ka por ba lah thaw ia ka State Meghalaya katkum ka North Eastern Areas Reorganization Act 1971 la pynlong ia ka Jylla Meghalaya da kaba kdup lang ia ka 1) Khasi-Jaintia Hills District bad 2) ka Garo Hills Districts. da kaba weng noh pat hadien ka Amendment ia ka Sub-Paragraph (2) of paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule kaba mut ba baroh ki Hima Khasi kiba mynhyndai ne ki 12 tylli ki disputed areas ki la don shabar ka Jylla Meghalaya.
Ha ka 18.6.1841, u Thomas Jones u Missionary ka Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Foreign Mission Society ula poi ha Sohra hadien ula pynbeit ia ka rukom spel ia ka Cossayah sha ka “Khasi” bad “Jynteah“ sha ka “Jaintia” kane ka Foreign Mission kala shim ruh ia ka Ktien Sohra (Cherra dialect) kum ka nongrim jong ka thoh ka tar Khasi.
Ka por kala nangiaid , ka ktien thoh ka la nangsan . Uwei u Missionary u Rev. Angel Jones uba shong ha Jowai ka shnong baheh tam ka “Hima Jaintia” ula thaw ia ka jingrwai “Kynmaw Trai ia ka Ri Khasi”. Bad ha u snem 18—u sahep Missionary John Roberts -u la thaw ia ka National Anthem jong ki Khasi-Pnar ‘Ri Khasi Ri Khasi nga Ieid Ia Pha’ .
Ia ka kyrteng(Nomenclature) Khasi-Jaintia kala tip bad pyndonkam la palat 175 snem ha kine ki rilum shatei ka Ri India (North East India) bad ha ri india kata naduh ka por ba synshar bishar hi ki syiem Khasi, ka Sorkar phareng, ka Sorkar India ter ter la tip kum – Cossayah and Jynteah Hills District(1854) Federations of Khasi States (1946) Khasi-Jaintia National Federated State Conference (1946) Khasi & Jaintia Hills District (1951) United Khasi and Jaintia hills District (1952) United Khasi & Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council (1952).
Ia ka kyntien Khasi-Jaintia la pyndonkam ruh ha ki bor synshar, seng bapher bapher la kadei ka Seng niam, Sengbhalang etc. Bad wat haduh ka por ka jingialeh Hill State don ki rangbah ne party ba la dawa da ka Khasi-jaintia state hynrei ngim lah ban peiphang ba kumno ka jingialeh Hill State Movement halor ka jing pyrshah ia ka Assamese official language jong ka Assam ba ynda ynda pynkha ia la ka state la ioh da ka kyrteng Jylla “Meghalaya”.
Ka Kyrteng kaba la suit la jer da u bym dei u Khasi-Pnar ne da ki Nongialeh Hill State. Kane ka kyrteng kaba mut ”ka Jaka shong jong ki lyoh”(Abode’s of Cloud) ka dei shisha ka kyrteng Jem rngiew kaba la kah da u lyoh dum ia ka jaitbynriew khasi-Pnar bad Garo. U L. G. Shullai ha ka kot Ki Symboh History bad ka Ri Hynniew Trep u kynthoh kumne “ka jait bynriew kaba la duh ia la ka Geography bad ka History la jong kata ka jait bynriew ka lah ban poi shaduh u pud kat haduh ba ka lah ban duh bad jah noh na sla pyrthei.”.
U Soso Tham ha ka kot Ki Sngi Barim u Hynniew Trep u kynthoh “U symbai ba hap ha jaka maw-khlem la ka hyndai-u shoh samthiah tang shu shit ka sngi”. Shuh shuh u Soso Tham u ban ia kawei ka kyntien “Kumba la kren u Viceroy hi kiwei pat ki patsha kiba khraw ki la mih bad ki la dam noh na sla pyrthei , hynrei phi phi dang sah haduh mynta”.
Kine ka jingkren ki ba mut ba hapoh Ri India baroh kawei ym don shuh ka jingsynshar tynrai (Indigenous Democratic Institution) kumba long ka jingsynshar U Syiem, Lyngdoh, Wahadadar, Sirdar, bad Doloi. Kum ka nuksa baroh ki jylla hapoh India lait noh ka jingsynshar jong ka jylla (State Legislature) ym don shuh ka Synshar Tynrai (Adminstration Traditional Style of) hynrei ka don beit beit ka synshar paitbah Panchayati Raj bad Municipality.
Kumba U Blei Trai Kynrad u dang pynneh pynsah ia ka jinglong kyrpang ka mei Ri-Lum ka Mei Ri-San (Territory) ban ioh noh ia ka jingsynshar khadar laitluid (Sovereignty) kata katkum ka jonglong kyrpang ka ktien ka thylliej, ka niam-ka rukom, ka khein kur-khein jait & kheinkha- kheinman, ka longtrai –mantrai halor ka khyndew ka shyiap, ka synshar-bishar tynrai bad kiwei kiwei kiwei ki jinglong kyrpang ka jaitbynriew Khasi-Pnar kadei hok ban ioh noh ia la ka Jylla kyrpang ka Khasi-Jantia State.
Kumno lah ban dawa Jylla biang ne kumno lah ban ioh Jylla biang ? Kane kadei ka jingkylli jong kiba bun balang haba kim pat duriap jylliew ia ka jinglong kyrpang ka mynnor, ka mynta, bad ka lawei jong ka jaitbynriew .
Kumta kane ka jingthoh kan long kum ka jingmaitphang ban shai ha kaba iadei bad ka rukom pyrkhat halor ka jingkylli kiba bun balang kumno lah ban phiah biang ia jylla Meghalaya ne don kiba kylli hato don jingkyrmen ban pynurlong ia kajingdawa Khasi-Jaintia state?
Ki nongrim dawa ia ka Khasi-Jaintia State -Ka jingpynlong ia ka jylla ha Ri India- Ka Ri India ka la thaw ia ki jylla (State) halor ka nongrim jong ka ktien ka thylliej (Linguistic state). Ki dustur ki riti, imlang sahlang. Nuksa la phiah ia ka Bombay (1) Maharashtra State ha ka ktien Marathi (ii) Gujarat State ia ka ktien Gujarati (iii) Tamil Nadu State is ka ktien Tamil (iv) Punjab State is ka ktien Punjabi (v) Assam State ia ka ktien Assamese (vi) Manipur State ia ka ktien Manipuri (vii) Tripura ia ka ktien Tripuri bad kumta ter ter.
Ym sngew iahap ban jer kyrteng Meghalaya na ka bynta ki Khasi-Pnar ne Garo ne kam iahap ruh ban khot Meghalayan ia ki jaid bynriew Khasi-Pnar. Ha ka jingshisha ha ka jaka ban ai kyrteng Meghalaya kala dei ban ai da ka Kyrteng “Khasi-Jaintia & Garo State”kaba long syriem ia ka kyrteng J&K State mynshwa.
Ka jingdawa Garoland : Ki Garo kiba dei ki para jong ngi, ha ka jingiakhih bad dawa Garoland kala nang suhthied ha ki paid Garo nama ia ki tei ki juh ki nongrim bad ki iohi shai ruh ba ki kabu synshar khaddar baroh ki la don lut ha Shillong naduh ka Rajbhavan, Ka Legislative Assembly, Ka Secretariat, head of Department, university bad ki khlieh treikam Sorkar India, kane ka wanrah ia ka jing sngewmarwei khamtam ia ki samla pule kiba la nang la stad ki sngewthuh ba ka jingsynshar khleh khawlang bad u Khasi-Pnar kala kah syrngiew ia ka lad ka kabu synshar paitbah bad ka lawei ba phyrnai ia u paid ka Ri Garo.
Namarkata ngi ki paid Khasi-Pnar ngi dei ban kyrshan met bad mynsiem ia ka jingdawa bad jingialeh jong ki ban ioh noh ia ka Garo land ba ki ruh kum ka jaid bynriew kyrpang kin synshar hi katkum ki hok ki riti dustur jong ki hi kaba ki pud ki sam (boundary ka Goroland ba long katkum ki pud ki sam ka Sorkar Phareng bad humjuh u pud u sam jong ka Garo District mynba ba dang don ha ka jylla Assam bad por bala thaw ia ka Jylla Meghalaya.
Ka jingiapher ka ktien ka thylliej bad riti dustur- Ka jinglong jingim tynrai naduh ka ktien ka thylleij , kala iapher bak ly bak ka jong u Khasi Pnar bad u Garo. Kine ki ar kynhun jaitbynriew bala theplang ha kajuh ka jylla Meghalaya ka long thik kumba pyndait jubor ia u nar bad ka dew byrtha bad bala shu airong airup pynitynnad na shabar . Hynrei ka shem jingeh pat ban thaw ia kano kano ka ain kaba biang lang la ki ar kynhun jaitbynriew.
Kumba mih ka jingiakhih pyrshah ia ka ktien Assamese kum ka ktien Sorkar (State Official Language) ha ka por iaialeh Hill state ha ka jaka ka ktien phareng, ka lah ba mih kumjuh ka jingeh halor ka jingpdiang ka Ing Dorbar thawain jylla Meghalaya ban ithuh bad pynrung ha ka Khyrnit ba Phra (VIII th Schedule to the Constitution of India) ia ka Ktien “Khasi” bad “Garo” kum ki state Official Languge lada jia ryngkhat ba ym lah ban iohlang ha ka juh ka por ia ka jingithuh ia baroh 2 tylli ki ktien Khasi Garo.
kane ka lah ban wan rah ia jingeh wat ban pyndonkam ban iakren hapoh Ing Dorbar thawain jong kata ka jylla Meghalaya .
Ka jylla Meghalaya, Total Area: 22,429 sq.km, Population: 29,64,007. Ka jylla Sikkim, Total Area: 7,096 sq.kms, Population: 5,70,077. Ka jylla Goa Total Area: 3,702 sq.kms, Population: 14,58,545.
U Prime Minister Nehru ha ka jingkren paitbah ha Garrison Ground 1955 ha ka por ba ki jaitbynriew rilum North East ki ia dawa la ka jong ka State ban mih noh na ka Assam u ong kumne-“Nga kwah ba ki Rilum kin san hala ki jong ki jong ki Riti Dustur”(I want Hills People to grow according to their own genuis) Bad hadien ba la ai sub state ne Autonomous State ia ka Meghalaya ha u snem 1970 bad Full fledged State ha u snem 1972 ka Sorkar India ka dang iaid shaphrang ban khmih bad peit ia ka jingthaw ia ki jylla ba thymmai kumi ia ka Goa, Sikkim, Telengana etc Union Territory ia ka Jammu and Kashmir bad kumta ter ter.
U Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi ula thung ka commission kyrpang ia kane ka kam bala tip kum (State Reorganisation Commission) bad ka jingkren u Purno Sangma MP ka (NCP) Tura ha u snem 2006 hapoh parliament halor ka phang “State re-organization Commission” ha kaba dang don bun kiwei pat ki jaitbynriew kyrpang {Indigenous people) kiba dawa jylla kyrpang ha Ri India u ong”lada ka Amerika ka don 50 State balei ym long ba ka India kan don 50 tylli ki State ne tam kum ka largest Democratic Country haba dang don shibun ki jaid bynriew kyrpang(Indiginous people) kiba dawa jylla kyrpang u la kdew ruh ha ri India don 30 tylli ki jaitbynriew ba dawa jylla thymmai kum ka Harya Pradesh, Awadth , Bundelkhan (Uttar Pradesh) ha North East India, Gurkhaland, Bodoland, Karbi Anglong, Dima Hasoa, Kukiland, Didna, Khasi Jaintia State, Garoland bad kiwei kiwei” une u rangbah ula dawa ruh ba ka Sorkar India kan pynsted ruh ia ka 2nd Sate Reorganisation Commission ban peit bad khmih bad shimkhia ia jingdawa Jylla ba thymmai.
Lada phiah ia ka Meghalaya sha ka Khasi-Jaintia State bad ka Garoland ka jingheh ka jylla bad ka jingdon Area/briew katkum ka census 2011 Khasi Jaintia State, Total Area: 13,402 sq.km, Population: 18,63,347.Garoland, Total Area: 9026 sq.km, Population: 11,03,115.
Khatduh kum ka jaitbynriew to ngin ia pyrkhat jylliew kaei ka lynti bad ka jingiohi kaba bha tam ban tei pat bad pynneh pynsah ia ki paia bad ki saw kynroh ba la twa jong ka jaidbynriew Khasi-Pnar? Hato ka ka jingdawa da ka jylla Khasi-Jaintia kam dei mo ka ba biang? Ka HSPDP ka sngewthuh shai ruh ba kam lah ban ieng marwei ban pynurlong ia kane ka jingdawa, kumta ka Party ka bynshet ia ka jingdawa ia ka Khasi-Jaintia State kum ka bynta jong ka jingkitkhlieh lang (People’s mandate) jong ka jaitbynriew hi baroh kawei.
Bad kum ka Jait bynriew shitylli ngi donkam ia ka jingniewkor bad burom kylliang da kaba kyndat sharud ia ka jing sngewpher Hima, jingsngewpher Seng , jingsngew pher Sor ne kyndong, jingsngewpher niam ne Balang, jingsngewpher seng bhalang ne seng sain pyrthei namar ka jingheh bad ka jingbun paid ka Khasi-Jaintia ka long kaba tang shitroh ha Ri India. Ka por kala dei ban dawa bad pynurlong ia ka Khasi-Jaintia State namar ka jingioh ia ka Meghalaya State kam dei katkum ka nongrim tynrai bad ka jinglong kyrpang (identity) jong u Khasi-Pnar.
Bad katkum ka jingai ka Sorkar India ia ka jylla Meghalaya katkum ka ka North Eastern Areas Reorganization Act 1971 kaba hap hapoh ka khyrnit kaba Hynriew (Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India) ka la pynhiar kyrdan shuh ia ka jinglong kyrpang bad ka hok kyrpang (Special Status) jong ka jaitbynriew jong ngi namar la buh (insert) ia ka jylla Meghlaya ha ka Sixth Schedule Article 224(2) kaba ka jingthmu (in letter and spirit) jong ka ka long ba ki Khasi-Pnar bad Garo kin im, kin roi kin san bad kin synshar hi dalade ialade kat kum ki Riti ki dustur jong ki, hynrei kaba sngewsih ka long ba ka Sorkar India katba nang mih ki sngi ki por ka la pynduh bor bad pynhiar kyrdan (destabalisation) ia ngi kum (1) Ka jingpynduh noh (deletion) ia ka sub-para (2) jong ka Para 20 jong ka Sixth Schedule ha kaba ia ki shnong bad ki Hima kiba mynhyndai (erstwhile( Khasi States) ym lah shuh ban kdup hapoh u pud u sam jong ka United Khasi and Jaintia Hills District kaba long katkum ka Amendment jong ka Sixth Schedule 19–. (2) Ba ha ka paragraph 12 jong ka Sixth Schedule la bsuh noh (insertion) da ka para 12(A) ha ka Amendment to the Sixth Schedule ha ka snem 19—, ha kaba ka Sorkar India ka la shim noh halade ia ka bor thaw ain halor ka khyndew ka shyiap. Kum ba long mynta ka jylla Meghalaya ka hap ban pyntreikam beit ia ki Ain jong ka Sorkar India kum ia ka (i) MMDR Act 1957 (ii) Forest Act 1973 kaba mut ba ia ka jingthaw Ain ia ka khyndew ka shyiap bad ki khlaw ki btap kiba dei ki hok longtrai jong ka jaitbynriew jong ngi ka Jylla jong ngi kam don bor bad iada ne ban pyndonkam.
Kumta khnang ba ka Jaitbynriew Khasi-Pnar kan im biang, ka Sorkar India kadei ban pynioh pat (Restore) ia ka hok jong ka Jaitbynriew da kaba pynioh ia ka Jingdawa ia ka Jylla ba thymmai ha ka kyrteng jong ka Khasi-Jaintia State” hapoh ka Article 371 (J&K).Im slem u Khasi-Pnar, Im Slem Ri Khasi-Jaintia, la thoh da u bah K. P. Pangniang president HSPDP.
